Detecting network latency, centralization patterns, and block races
A small group of pools have built structural network advantages that let them win block races, skip transaction validation, and concentrate more hashrate than their public numbers suggest. Three signals reveal it — from incident, to mechanism, to identity.
How to read it: This table logs anomalous mining streaks where a single pool successfully mined 6 or more consecutive blocks. It details the pool involved, the length of the streak, the exact block height it started, and the total duration it took to mine those blocks.
Key Insights:
How to read it: Under a fair, memoryless mining process, each pool's probability of winning any given block equals its hash share. That means P(same pool mines block N+1 | same pool just mined block N) = hash share exactly — the 1× baseline. Bars longer than 1× mean a pool converts a first block into a second block far more often than chance allows.
Key Insights:
How to read it: This chart breaks down the time duration between consecutive blocks mined by the same pool into specific time buckets (e.g., < 30s, 30s-60s). The < 30s bucket is explicitly highlighted in red/orange.
Key Insights:
How to read it: The quadrant matrix plots each pool's all-time empty block rate (X-axis) against their last-30-day rate (Y-axis). The dotted diagonal is the "no change" reference — pools above it are getting worse, pools below it are improving. Threshold lines mark the network-weighted average.
Quadrants:
How to read it: Each line tracks a pool's Z-Score across up to 10 daily 144-block windows (~10 days). Z-Score measures how many standard deviations a pool's block production deviates from the expectation given its market share.
Threshold bands:
How to read it: Each bubble is a pool's 30-day average. X = avg transactions per block; Y = avg block size in MB; bubble size = sample weight (blocks mined). Color encodes bytes-per-transaction: 🟢 green = compact (fee-optimizing), 🟡 amber = medium, 🔴 red = inscription-heavy.
Fingerprint insight: Pools mining many small txs at the same block size as larger-tx pools are packing in more fee revenue per byte — a sign of active mempool management. High bytes-per-TX pools are filling blocks with witness-heavy data (Ordinals, Inscriptions).
How to read it: Average witness-data overhead (bytes) per transaction on a log₁₀ scale. BIP 110 proposes a 256 B/tx soft-limit. The arrow (↑/↓) shows whether the pool is above or below that threshold; hover for the pool's peak single-block spike.
Note: marapool's 5,141 B/tx average is driven by a deliberate Ordinals-mining policy — their per-block peak hit 332 kB/tx. All other pools cluster between 280–420 B/tx.
How to read it: Monthly coefficient of variation (CV) of inter-block arrival times since 2021 — aggregated from ~2,800 weekly snapshots. 🔴 Red = low CV (suspicious: consistent, industrial timing). 🔵 Blue = high CV (normal: irregular, retail/decentralised). The China mining ban (2021) and 4th Halving (2024) are annotated as structural inflection points.
Why it matters: Pools with chronically low entropy operate owned hardware at industrial scale — making them uniquely capable of running the multi-block streaks in Act I. The Actor Archetypes panel below cross-references this signal with the most recent 6-month window.
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